aidaz: what software do you use on the Dragino board? And can you confirm that you do NOT see any output in the stdio of the RPi when sending the Join request?
Because it appears the problem I’m facing is identical to yours, except I DO see some output in the RPi stdio, and also see it on the TTN console.
@Wosym, Im not using the RPi as gateway as single channel pkt forwarders are not LoRaWAN compatible (maybe it’s why you can’t join with OTAA, have you tried ABP and setting same frequency and DR on the node and Pi?), I just used the dragino shield as a transceiver for the stm32f103 (bluepill).
Mhmmm, that is very interesting… this is the first time I hear that the Dragino shield would be incompatible with LoRaWAN? I’ll investigate this. Thanks!
hi @aidiaz
could you check in which channels does the working setup joins the network? You should be able to see that in TTN. If it’s not a TX power issue it could be related to wrong channels (from the other picture, SNR 7 seems reasonable)
note compatibility is a property of the LoRaWAN implementation, not of the shield. Some RPi gateways are running single channels, but this is definitely not the case for all of them. In fact, we have some multi-channel class B setups running LoRaWAN on RPi.
@Wosym What I meant is that the Dragino RPi Hat shield is not meant to be a full TTN LoRaWAN gateway (as it only has 1 channel, fyi: Single-channel gateways | The Things Network), but should work as LoRaWAN end node with no prob.
Did a join with the working setup on ttn v3 (recently ported the gateway, hope there’s no incompatibility)
\
As stated in the image: channel 9046000000 SF8
Ah yes, of course. If the shield is not a concentrator, it won’t work as a regular gateway.
Could you try the following experiments?
#define SX127X_PARAM_PASELECT (SX127X_PA_BOOST)
(see e.g boards/sensebox_samd21/include/board.h)
diff --git a/pkg/semtech-loramac/contrib/semtech_loramac_radio.c b/pkg/semtech-loramac/contrib/semtech_loramac_radio.c
index ea05dcb2ac..2d7b01778a 100644
--- a/pkg/semtech-loramac/contrib/semtech_loramac_radio.c
+++ b/pkg/semtech-loramac/contrib/semtech_loramac_radio.c
@@ -77,7 +77,9 @@ void SX127XSetModem(RadioModems_t modem)
void SX127XSetChannel(uint32_t freq)
{
- loramac_netdev_ptr->driver->set(loramac_netdev_ptr, NETOPT_CHANNEL_FREQUENCY, &freq, sizeof(uint32_t));
+ (void) freq;
+ uint32_t _freq = 904600000;
+ loramac_netdev_ptr->driver->set(loramac_netdev_ptr, NETOPT_CHANNEL_FREQUENCY, &_freq, sizeof(uint32_t));
}
bool SX127XIsChannelFree(RadioModems_t modem, uint32_t freq,
@@ -111,11 +113,16 @@ void SX127XSetRxConfig(RadioModems_t modem, uint32_t bandwidth,
(void)bandwidthAfc;
(void)fixLen;
(void)modem;
+ (void) bandwidth;
uint16_t modem_val = NETDEV_TYPE_LORA;
+ (void) bandwidth;
+ (void) spreading_factor;
+ uint8_t _sf = 8;
+ uint32_t _bw = 2;
loramac_netdev_ptr->driver->set(loramac_netdev_ptr, NETOPT_DEVICE_TYPE, &modem_val, sizeof(uint16_t));
- loramac_netdev_ptr->driver->set(loramac_netdev_ptr, NETOPT_BANDWIDTH, &bandwidth, sizeof(uint8_t));
+ loramac_netdev_ptr->driver->set(loramac_netdev_ptr, NETOPT_BANDWIDTH, &_bw, sizeof(uint8_t));
loramac_netdev_ptr->driver->set(loramac_netdev_ptr, NETOPT_CODING_RATE, &coding_rate, sizeof(uint8_t));
- loramac_netdev_ptr->driver->set(loramac_netdev_ptr, NETOPT_SPREADING_FACTOR, &spreading_factor, sizeof(uint8_t));
+ loramac_netdev_ptr->driver->set(loramac_netdev_ptr, NETOPT_SPREADING_FACTOR, &_sf, sizeof(uint8_t));
loramac_netdev_ptr->driver->set(loramac_netdev_ptr, NETOPT_PREAMBLE_LENGTH, &preambleLen, sizeof(uint16_t));
netopt_enable_t fixed_header = NETOPT_DISABLE;
loramac_netdev_ptr->driver->set(loramac_netdev_ptr, NETOPT_FIXED_HEADER, &fixed_header, sizeof(netopt_enable_t));
Also, do you know if that module requires GPIO to switch between TX/RX? IIRC some modules require that (see https://github.com/RIOT-OS/RIOT/blob/master/drivers/sx127x/include/sx127x_params.h#L67).
hi again,
I found this on the datasheet of the NiceRF:
Note: According to the design of the module, the maximum bit of register 0x09 must be set as 1. PaSelect must be set 1;
So, it sems 1. should do the trick
Hi @jia200x, I’ve really busy so couldn’t catch up with the updates. PA_BOOST alone didn’t fix the problem, but after play around with the examples/lorawan/main.c, the device reported Join Successful after implementing a hard join retry.
Anyways, it’s a really strange behaviour. Hope to reproduce the same output soon to keep you updated.
I don’t remember if this was tried before, but did you try joining with DR0?
https://github.com/RIOT-OS/RIOT/issues/16419 had a similar issue and worked after joining with DR0.
@jia200x So I’m back working with the bluepill board and RFM95W module. By using tests/pkg_semtech_loramac with DR0 I got a successful join otaa but only after a uncountable number of retries and configurations. The problems I see:
Been debugging and the duty-cycle restriction slows down the iterations. Tried CFLAGS =-DDISABLE_LORAMAC_DUTYCYCLE make .. and also adding CFLAGS +=-DISABLE... on the program Makefile. Any suggestions to disable the restriction for faster debugging?
Got some outputs of a working join otaa test:
Shell console:
[semtech-loramac] initializing loramac
main(): This is RIOT! (Version: 2021.04)
All up, running the shell now
> loramac set appeui
loramac set appeui
> loramac set deveui
loramac set deveui
> loramac set appkey
loramac set appkey
> loramac set dr 0
loramac set dr 0
> loramac set adr on
loramac set adr on
> loramac join otaa
loramac join otaa
[semtech-loramac] Starting join procedure: 0
[semtech-loramac] loramac cmd msg
[semtech-loramac] starting OTAA join
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] Transmission completed
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] RX timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] RX timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] MLME confirm event
[semtech-loramac] MLME confirm msg received
[semtech-loramac] join not successful
Join procedure failed!
> loramac set tx_power 2
loramac set tx_power 2
> loramac join otaa
loramac join otaa
[semtech-loramac] Starting join procedure: 0
[semtech-loramac] loramac cmd msg
[semtech-loramac] starting OTAA join
[semtech-loramac] join otaa: duty cycle restricted
[semtech-loramac] join status msg received
Cannot join: dutycycle restriction
> loramac set tx_power 2
loramac set tx_power 2
> loramac join otaa
loramac join otaa
[semtech-loramac] Starting join procedure: 0
[semtech-loramac] loramac cmd msg
[semtech-loramac] starting OTAA join
[semtech-loramac] join otaa: duty cycle restricted
[semtech-loramac] join status msg received
Cannot join: dutycycle restriction
> loramac set tx_power 2
loramac set tx_power 2
> loramac join otaa
loramac join otaa
[semtech-loramac] Starting join procedure: 0
[semtech-loramac] loramac cmd msg
[semtech-loramac] starting OTAA join
[semtech-loramac] join otaa: duty cycle restricted
[semtech-loramac] join status msg received
Cannot join: dutycycle restriction
> loramac set tx_power 2
loramac set tx_power 2
> loramac join otaa
loramac join otaa
[semtech-loramac] Starting join procedure: 0
[semtech-loramac] loramac cmd msg
[semtech-loramac] starting OTAA join
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] Transmission completed
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] RX timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] RX timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] MLME confirm event
[semtech-loramac] MLME confirm msg received
[semtech-loramac] join not successful
Join procedure failed!
> loramac join otaa
loramac join otaa
[semtech-loramac] Starting join procedure: 0
[semtech-loramac] loramac cmd msg
[semtech-loramac] starting OTAA join
[semtech-loramac] join otaa: duty cycle restricted
[semtech-loramac] join status msg received
Cannot join: dutycycle restriction
> loramac set tx_power 2
loramac set tx_power 2
> loramac join otaa
loramac join otaa
[semtech-loramac] Starting join procedure: 0
[semtech-loramac] loramac cmd msg
[semtech-loramac] starting OTAA join
[semtech-loramac] join otaa: duty cycle restricted
[semtech-loramac] join status msg received
Cannot join: dutycycle restriction
> loramac set tx_power 2
loramac set tx_power 2
> loramac join otaa
loramac join otaa
[semtech-loramac] Starting join procedure: 0
[semtech-loramac] loramac cmd msg
[semtech-loramac] starting OTAA join
[semtech-loramac] join otaa: duty cycle restricted
[semtech-loramac] join status msg received
Cannot join: dutycycle restriction
> loramac set tx_power 2
loramac set tx_power 2
> loramac join otaa
loramac join otaa
[semtech-loramac] Starting join procedure: 0
[semtech-loramac] loramac cmd msg
[semtech-loramac] starting OTAA join
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] Transmission completed
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] RX timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] RX timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] MLME confirm event
[semtech-loramac] MLME confirm msg received
[semtech-loramac] join not successful
Join procedure failed!
> loramac join otaa
loramac join otaa
[semtech-loramac] Starting join procedure: 0
[semtech-loramac] loramac cmd msg
[semtech-loramac] starting OTAA join
[semtech-loramac] join otaa: duty cycle restricted
[semtech-loramac] join status msg received
Cannot join: dutycycle restriction
> loramac join otaa
loramac join otaa
[semtech-loramac] Starting join procedure: 0
[semtech-loramac] loramac cmd msg
[semtech-loramac] starting OTAA join
[semtech-loramac] join otaa: duty cycle restricted
[semtech-loramac] join status msg received
Cannot join: dutycycle restriction
> loramac join otaa
loramac join otaa
[semtech-loramac] Starting join procedure: 0
[semtech-loramac] loramac cmd msg
[semtech-loramac] starting OTAA join
[semtech-loramac] join otaa: duty cycle restricted
[semtech-loramac] join status msg received
Cannot join: dutycycle restriction
> loramac join otaa
loramac join otaa
[semtech-loramac] Starting join procedure: 0
[semtech-loramac] loramac cmd msg
[semtech-loramac] starting OTAA join
[semtech-loramac] join otaa: duty cycle restricted
[semtech-loramac] join status msg received
Cannot join: dutycycle restriction
> loramac join otaa
loramac join otaa
[semtech-loramac] Starting join procedure: 0
[semtech-loramac] loramac cmd msg
[semtech-loramac] starting OTAA join
[semtech-loramac] join otaa: duty cycle restricted
[semtech-loramac] join status msg received
Cannot join: dutycycle restriction
> loramac join otaa
loramac join otaa
[semtech-loramac] Starting join procedure: 0
[semtech-loramac] loramac cmd msg
[semtech-loramac] starting OTAA join
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] Transmission completed
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] MLME confirm event
[semtech-loramac] MLME confirm msg received
[semtech-loramac] join succeeded
Join procedure succeeded!
> loramac tx RIOTOS
loramac tx RIOTOS
[semtech-loramac] loramac cmd msg
[semtech-loramac] send frame RIOTOS
[semtech-loramac] MCPS request: confirmed TX
[semtech-loramac] MCPS request: OK
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] Transmission completed
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] RX timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] RX timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] Transmission completed
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] MAC timer timeout
[semtech-loramac] MCPS confirm event
[semtech-loramac] MCPS indication event
[semtech-loramac] MCPS confirm msg received
[semtech-loramac] MCPS confirm event OK
[semtech-loramac] MCPS confirm event: CONFIRMED
[semtech-loramac] forward TX status to sender thread
[semtech-loramac] MCPS indication msg received
[semtech-loramac] MCPS indication Unconfirmed
[semtech-loramac] MCPS indication: ACK received
[semtech-loramac] received something
Received ACK from network
Message sent with success
Along TTN gateway logs:
"name": "as.up.data.forward",
"time": "2021-05-24T20:40:21.790171104Z",
"identifiers": [
{
"device_ids": {
"device_id": "clevertek-endnode",
"application_ids": {
"application_id": "clevertek"
}
}
},
{
"device_ids": {
"device_id": "clevertek-endnode",
"application_ids": {
"application_id": "clevertek"
},
"dev_eui": "00E3835063728DBE",
"join_eui": "70B3D57ED0040CCE",
"dev_addr": "260D4EE9"
}
}
],
"data": {
"@type": "type.googleapis.com/ttn.lorawan.v3.ApplicationUp",
"end_device_ids": {
"device_id": "clevertek-endnode",
"application_ids": {
"application_id": "clevertek"
},
"dev_eui": "00E3835063728DBE",
"join_eui": "70B3D57ED0040CCE",
"dev_addr": "260D4EE9"
},
"correlation_ids": [
"as:up:01F6G1PT8HGHXZC2TMX6W9NYHV",
"gs:conn:01F6FQKSYH761Q2D5B7VVG9TB8",
"gs:up:host:01F6FQKT6QH0RBDK1KRH9WW5R2",
"gs:uplink:01F6G1PT22RSXH82YP20YEBR8N",
"ns:uplink:01F6G1PT237Q898YMH4ES4NPJY",
"rpc:/ttn.lorawan.v3.GsNs/HandleUplink:01F6G1PT232EM87XYYWJBDTW21",
"rpc:/ttn.lorawan.v3.NsAs/HandleUplink:01F6G1PT8GW68KMK2YR0R1N511"
],
"received_at": "2021-05-24T20:40:21.522586291Z",
"uplink_message": {
"session_key_id": "AXmgGv35tXWvYQ1ANbVd1Q==",
"f_port": 2,
"frm_payload": "UklPVA==",
"rx_metadata": [
{
"gateway_ids": {
"gateway_id": "clevertek-wan",
"eui": "A84041FFFF1BB6D8"
},
"time": "2021-05-24T20:40:21.130653Z",
"timestamp": 1997968452,
"rssi": -105,
"channel_rssi": -105,
"snr": 5,
"uplink_token": "ChsKGQoNY2xldmVydGVrLXdhbhIIqEBB//8bttgQxKjauAcaDAi1nrCFBhCW2tSVASCg08yBk7QC",
"channel_index": 3
}
],
"settings": {
"data_rate": {
"lora": {
"bandwidth": 125000,
"spreading_factor": 12
}
},
"coding_rate": "4/5",
"frequency": "917400000",
"timestamp": 1997968452,
"time": "2021-05-24T20:40:21.130653Z"
},
"received_at": "2021-05-24T20:40:21.315511484Z",
"confirmed": true,
"consumed_airtime": "1.318912s"
}
},
"correlation_ids": [
"as:up:01F6G1PT8HGHXZC2TMX6W9NYHV",
"gs:conn:01F6FQKSYH761Q2D5B7VVG9TB8",
"gs:up:host:01F6FQKT6QH0RBDK1KRH9WW5R2",
"gs:uplink:01F6G1PT22RSXH82YP20YEBR8N",
"ns:uplink:01F6G1PT237Q898YMH4ES4NPJY",
"rpc:/ttn.lorawan.v3.GsNs/HandleUplink:01F6G1PT232EM87XYYWJBDTW21",
"rpc:/ttn.lorawan.v3.NsAs/HandleUplink:01F6G1PT8GW68KMK2YR0R1N511"
],
"origin": "ip-10-102-13-255.ap-southeast-2.compute.internal",
"context": {
"tenant-id": "CgN0dG4="
},
"visibility": {
"rights": [
"RIGHT_APPLICATION_TRAFFIC_READ",
"RIGHT_APPLICATION_TRAFFIC_READ"
]
},
"unique_id": "01F6G1PTGYYC7GH84087J283R2"
}
{
"name": "as.up.data.forward",
"time": "2021-05-24T20:40:37.022575614Z",
"identifiers": [
{
"device_ids": {
"device_id": "clevertek-endnode",
"application_ids": {
"application_id": "clevertek"
}
}
},
{
"device_ids": {
"device_id": "clevertek-endnode",
"application_ids": {
"application_id": "clevertek"
},
"dev_eui": "00E3835063728DBE",
"join_eui": "70B3D57ED0040CCE",
"dev_addr": "260D4EE9"
}
}
],
"data": {
"@type": "type.googleapis.com/ttn.lorawan.v3.ApplicationUp",
"end_device_ids": {
"device_id": "clevertek-endnode",
"application_ids": {
"application_id": "clevertek"
},
"dev_eui": "00E3835063728DBE",
"join_eui": "70B3D57ED0040CCE",
"dev_addr": "260D4EE9"
},
"correlation_ids": [
"as:up:01F6G1Q9CKNFA5RFNGN87V2QG4",
"gs:conn:01F6FQKSYH761Q2D5B7VVG9TB8",
"gs:up:host:01F6FQKT6QH0RBDK1KRH9WW5R2",
"gs:uplink:01F6G1Q9545Z28S78W896905PB",
"ns:uplink:01F6G1Q963Y4FMA9EQNAG0HJ0X",
"rpc:/ttn.lorawan.v3.GsNs/HandleUplink:01F6G1Q963BW8KG8AWM93D5FPX",
"rpc:/ttn.lorawan.v3.NsAs/HandleUplink:01F6G1Q9CKEJ5PYN7XVZ4CAHVC"
],
"received_at": "2021-05-24T20:40:37.018954718Z",
"uplink_message": {
"session_key_id": "AXmgGv35tXWvYQ1ANbVd1Q==",
"f_port": 2,
"f_cnt": 1,
"frm_payload": "UklPVCE=",
"rx_metadata": [
{
"gateway_ids": {
"gateway_id": "clevertek-wan",
"eui": "A84041FFFF1BB6D8"
},
"time": "2021-05-24T20:40:36.593554Z",
"timestamp": 2013428804,
"rssi": -43,
"channel_rssi": -43,
"snr": 11.2,
"uplink_token": "ChsKGQoNY2xldmVydGVrLXdhbhIIqEBB//8bttgQxPiJwAcaDAjEnrCFBhCitIvwAiCg09XNzLQC",
"channel_index": 4
}
],
"settings": {
"data_rate": {
"lora": {
"bandwidth": 125000,
"spreading_factor": 12
}
},
"coding_rate": "4/5",
"frequency": "917600000",
"timestamp": 2013428804,
"time": "2021-05-24T20:40:36.593554Z"
},
"received_at": "2021-05-24T20:40:36.803231266Z",
"confirmed": true,
"consumed_airtime": "1.482752s"
}
},
"correlation_ids": [
"as:up:01F6G1Q9CKNFA5RFNGN87V2QG4",
"gs:conn:01F6FQKSYH761Q2D5B7VVG9TB8",
"gs:up:host:01F6FQKT6QH0RBDK1KRH9WW5R2",
"gs:uplink:01F6G1Q9545Z28S78W896905PB",
"ns:uplink:01F6G1Q963Y4FMA9EQNAG0HJ0X",
"rpc:/ttn.lorawan.v3.GsNs/HandleUplink:01F6G1Q963BW8KG8AWM93D5FPX",
"rpc:/ttn.lorawan.v3.NsAs/HandleUplink:01F6G1Q9CKEJ5PYN7XVZ4CAHVC"
],
"origin": "ip-10-102-13-255.ap-southeast-2.compute.internal",
"context": {
"tenant-id": "CgN0dG4="
},
"visibility": {
"rights": [
"RIGHT_APPLICATION_TRAFFIC_READ",
"RIGHT_APPLICATION_TRAFFIC_READ"
]
},
"unique_id": "01F6G1Q9CYWCMGYZGP15BM3AD5"
}
Greetings.
@jia200x after setting up PHY values manualy at semteck_loramac_radio.c I’m getting consistent join requests in the gateway, but no join accept (apparently the downlink is missed by the end-node).
Noticed that with examples/lorawan the keys weren’t correctly set from the Makefile, and hard-codded them into CONFIG_LORAMAC_DEV_EUI_DEFAULT, CONFIG_LORAMAC_APP_EUI_DEFAULT and CONFIG_LORAMAC_APP_KEY_DEFAULT to get the above results.
I’m getting close to it, so hope to get some feedback soon! Thanks
nice to hear there’s some progress!
Which PHY settings did you change? Could you send the patch around?
Noticed that with
examples/lorawanthe keys weren’t correctly set from the Makefile, and hard-codded them intoCONFIG_LORAMAC_DEV_EUI_DEFAULT,CONFIG_LORAMAC_APP_EUI_DEFAULTandCONFIG_LORAMAC_APP_KEY_DEFAULTto get the above results.
That’s strange. Do you have the steps to reproduce the issue? Does it work when you set them up using Kconfig? (run BOARD=<your_board> make menuconfig)
Through Kconfig the keys are set up correctly. Got some packages with null keys on the gateway so I can confirm that the Makefile keys are not affecting the implementation.
I’m new to the github workflow of reproducing issues and patch logs, if you can give me and advice or insight to them would be nice!
thanks for the feedback
I had a similar issue with a TTN gateway running V2 (the ones on IoT-Lab). Apparently, after an update, OTA stopped working(same behaviour as you describe, join request received but no join-accept). The solution was to migrate to v3. Maybe you are experiencing a similar issue and a similar fix would do?
the patch around is the one suggested by you in the previous post.
